Cardiac Fibrosis Attenuation by Chlorogenic Acid and Epigallocatechin-Gallate Mediated by Suppression of Galectin-3 Gene Expression and Collagen Deposition in Rat Metabolic Syndrome Model

Abstract

Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a set cluster of risk factors for metabolic abnormalities that
can develop cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of that is remodeling or cardiac fibrosis. Cardiac fibrosis
identified from the high levels of the profibrotic molecule; one of them is galectin-3. Aim: This study
intended to determine the effect of combination therapy of green coffee (CGA) and green tea (EGCG) on
cardiac fibrosis by raise of the galectin-3 gene expression and collagen deposition in rat cardiac tissue in
the rat metabolic syndrome model. Methods: Twenty-four male MetS rats (Sprague-Dawley) divided into
two control groups and three groups therapy (n=5) administration of the CGA 200mg/kgbw (body weight
in kilograms) and EGCG 300mg/kgbw orally. After eight weeks of treatment, rats euthanized, then mRNA
expression of galectin-3 was measured. Furthermore, collagen deposition of cardiac tissue carried out in
histology slides. Results: Research reveals that the expression of galectin-3 decreased in the metabolic
syndrome model group, which given combination therapy compared with metabolic syndrome model mice
that did not receive any therapy (P=0.000). Collagen deposition in cardiac tissue also found less than in
the therapy group compared with the group not treated with both compounds (P=0.000). The correlation
between the two parameters shows a positive association with low strength. Conclusion: This study shows
that the combination therapy of CGA and EGCG is an engaging therapeutic candidate. It expected to reduce
the progression of cardiac fibrosis in metabolic syndrome