The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Tracheostomal Stenosis Following Total Laryngectomy

Abstract

Background: Tracheostomal stenosis (TS) following total laryngectomy is relatively common in patients
and a distressing complication with major effects on patient rehabilitation it affected 4-44% of patients
following total laryngectomy worldwide. Various etiological factors and some risks have been indicated as
contributing to the onset of stenosis.
Purpose: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of tracheostomy stenosis following total
laryngectomy
Method: Tracheostomal stenosis was defined as respiratory insufficiency at rest or during exercise, difficulty
in tracheal clearance due to non laminar flow, or both. Eighty data of patients were enrolled in this study
consisting of 76 male (95.0%) and 4 females (5.0%). Baseline characteristics (BL) stage of cancer (SC), type
of surgery (TS), the onset of stenosis following surgery (OS) and risk factors (RF) from each patient were
recorded and analyzed using a pre-installed statistic software.
Result: The overall prevalence of tracheostomal stenosis was 13.8% (11 of 80 patients). The prevalence and
risk factors of tracheostomal stenosis following total laryngectomy consisted of 7 hypertrophic scar patients
(63.3%), 2 infection patients (18.12), and 1 radiotherapy and peristomal fat patient (9.01), respectively.
Conclusion: Out of eighty patients, eleven patients indicates the characters of tracheostomal stenosis
using the bevel technique. The most common etiological factor is hypertrophic scar, followed by infection,
radiotherapy and peristomal fat.