The Prevalence of Cancer in Indonesia: An Ecological Analysis

Abstract

Cancer is one of the catastrophic diseases with the most considerable absorption of costs in the National
Health Insurance-Indonesian Health Card (JKN-KIS) program. The study aimed at analyzing ecologically
the factors related to the prevalence of cancer in Indonesia.The research carried out ecological analysis using
secondary data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2018. The study sampled all
provinces. Apart from cancer, five other variables analyzed as independent variables were the percentage
of preserved meat/chicken/fish, the percentage of fatty/cholesterol/fried foods, the percentage of e-cigarette
smokers, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of hypertension. Data were analyzed using
scatter plots.The study results found that the higher the percentage of preserved meat/chicken/fish food
consumption habits in a province, the higher the prevalence of cancer. The higher the rate of fatty/cholesterol/
fried food consumption in an area, the higher the prevalence of cancer. Likewise, the higher the percentage of
e-cigarette smokers in a province, the higher the prevalence of cancer. The higher the prevalence of diabetes
mellitus in an area, the higher the prevalence of cancer. Finally, the higher the prevalence of hypertension
in a province, the higher the prevalence of cancer. The studyconcluded that the five independent variables
analyzed are related to the majority of cancer in Indonesia.