Correlation of Oral Health Status with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Authors

  • Nandita Shenoy
  • Alisha Ono Idris
  • Vishak Acharya
  • Junaid Ahmed
  • Ashok Shenoy
  • Suchitra Shenoy

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17724

Keywords:

COPD, Oral Health, Oral Hygiene, Chronic Periodontitis, Candidiasis

Abstract

Background: Oral health is considered to be an important factor in respiratory diseases like Pneumonia
and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Poor oral health and abusive habits like smoking
have been implicated as an independent risk factor for the development of COPD, but few studies have
evaluated the association between oral health and COPD.
Aim: To assess the oral health and habits of COPD individuals visiting our OPD for their regular
checkups.
Subjects and Methods: We performed a case-control study of oral health among patients with COPD
exacerbators and healthy non COPD controls. Cases had experienced ≥1 exacerbation in the previous 12
months, while controls were healthy patients reporting to the dental OPD for a regular dental checkup.
We evaluated oral health status, recorded dental symptoms/habits, and Pulmonary Function Test (PFT).
In a subset, we performed blinded dental exams to measure bleeding on probing, probing depth, clinical
attachment loss, periodontitis severity, plaque index, gingival index, and carries risk. We evaluated
associations between oral health and COPD using logistic regression.
Result: Self-reported oral health status and objective dental findings had variations between cases and
controls. Participants with COPD had multiple missing teeth, a higher amount of plaque, and calculus
indicating poor dental health. Oral candidiasis, keratotic white lesions, and oral melanosis were also
present.
Conclusion: In the present observational study, we found that participants with COPD have poor oral
health that compromised their quality of life probably precipitating an acute exacerbation. The incidence
of COPD can be reduced by good oral hygiene measures and preventive oral care.

Author Biographies

  • Nandita Shenoy


    Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore-575001 Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. Karnataka- 576104, India

  • Alisha Ono Idris

    Post Graduate, Department of Prosthodontics,Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore-575001. Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. Karnataka- 576104, India,

  • Vishak Acharya

    Professor, Department of Pulmonary Medicine,  Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore-575001. Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education,Manipal Karnataka- 576104, India

  • Junaid Ahmed

     Professor, Departmentof Oral Medicine and Radiology,  Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore-575001. Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Karnataka- 576104, India

  • Ashok Shenoy

    Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore-575001. Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education,Manipal Karnataka- 576104, India

  • Suchitra Shenoy

    Professor, Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore-575001. Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education,Manipal Karnataka- 576104, India

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Published

2021-11-29

How to Cite

Correlation of Oral Health Status with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital. (2021). Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 16(1), 1560-1569. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17724