Effect of Gingival Biotype on the Progression of Periodontal Disease

Abstract

Background: The causes that interfere with the outcome of dental treatment is gingival biotype
Scalloped –thin and flat-thick are the types of gingival biotypes. Periodontal diseases progress differently
in response to plaque associated inflammation. While periodontal pocket may be the result in flat thick
gingival biotype , gingival recession may be the result of scalloped and thin gingival biotype. With this
background this study aimed at evaluating the relation between gingival biotype and the progression of
periodontal diseases .
Materials and Methods: Sixty systemically healthy subjects between 30-50years of age, diagnosed
with chronic periodontitis who visited outpatient department of Manipal college of dental sciences,
Mangalore, India, took part in the study. The subjects were explained about the study, and written
consent was obtained. A thorough dental examination with a comprehensive survey of maxillary central
incisors and lateral incisors was performed to assess the following clinical parameters: Bleeding on
probing, probing pocket depth, loss of attachment, gingival thickness and gingival recession . The
collected data was subjected to statistical analysis.
Results: The mean Gingival thickness for the central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine were 1.11 mm,
1.01 mm, and 0.82 mm, respectively. ANOVA test was done to compare the gingival thickness
between the incisors which was statistically significant with a value < 0.001. The Posthoc
Tukey tests comparing gingival recession showed a mean difference of 1.324* and was
statistically significant with a p value of < 0.001. Comparison of probing pocket depth showed
a mean difference of 0.882* which again was statistically significant with a p value of < 0.001.