Periodontitis and Leukoplakia: Is There an Interconnection?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v16i4.18653Keywords:
Premalignant lesion, Risk factors, Leukoplakia, Periodontitis.Abstract
Background: Leukoplakia is an asymptomatic, potentially malignant lesion in the oral mucosa which often
develops into oral cancer. Various follow-up studies done show that between <1 and 18% of oral pre-malignant
lesions will develop into oral cancer. Periodontitis is related to different pathological states in the oral cavity
including pre-malignant and malignant lesions. Frequently, periodontal sites are involved in proliferative types
of leukoplakia. Therefore, Periodontitis increases the risk of oral leukoplakia and, therefore, the risk of mucosal
lesions predisposing to oral cancers.
Methods: A 39 year old male patient reported to the Department Of Periodontology with chief complaint of
bleeding of gums and whitish patch on his right and left buccal mucosa since 6 months. A Complete clinical
examination and detailed case history was recorded for the same. Proper treatment plan was planned and
implemented. This cased showed a strong corelation between periodontitis and oral leukoplakia.
Conclusion: Poor oral hygiene and the ensuing of plaque accumulation results in a chronic inflammatory
process, creating an environment that promotes the development premalignant lesions and oral carcinoma.
Our study supports the hypothesis that periodontitis is an individual risk factor for Oral premalignant lesions.
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that may be prevented with regular dental visits and
with the maintenance of the Oral hygiene. Dentists play an important role in preventing oral cancer by evaluating
the socioeconomic status of each patient and appraising their lifestyle and habits. Therefore this case report
mainly focuses on interrelationship between maintenance of good periodontal health and development of oral
premalignant lesions.
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