Integrating the Theories of Occlusion and Demystifying the Curve of Wilson and the Curve of Spee – From a Prosthodontic Standpoint - A review

Abstract

Purpose: This article aims at a comprehensive review of the fundamental occlusal curves, Curve of Wilson and Curve of Spee from an anatomical, theoretical, and clinical perspective. To bridge the gap between historical concepts and contemporary prosthodontics, it revisits Bonwill’s theory, Hall’s conical theory, and Monson’s spherical theory to understand the depth of anatomic and functional correlations for current clinical implications.

Methodology: The methodology included a structured literature search that included historical and recent articles. The inclusion criteria consisted of original articles of Monson and Wilson, peer-reviewed articles and textbooks pertaining to the topic.

Results: The original concepts were thoroughly analyzed, and conclusions were drawn based on geometric interpretations. The article then introduces an integrative occlusal model grounded in premolar anatomy, proposing a unified occlusal model. This re-evaluation has led to the introduction of the concept of 'Sphere of Wilson,' that takes into consideration, the maxillary first premolars as critical determinants of the mediolateral curve that is convex upwards and forms a segment of a sphere that aligns with functions of the orofacial complex.

Conclusion: This article encourages the development of an occlusal model as a dynamic concept that represents mandibular movements, centric and eccentric movements and its biomechanical interpretation. By correlating historical theories with contemporary anatomical and biomechanical insights, the article not only clarifies prevailing misconceptions but also sets the framework for further research. The article concludes with an emphasis on the role of visual three-dimensional dynamic mandibular movements and anatomical relevance in redefining the occlusal concepts.