Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Abstract

Objective: To study the prevalence of thyroid disorders and its correlation with menstrual disorders.
Methods: 100 women aged between 15 and 45 years who attended gyne OPD in Sraswathi medical
college, U.P, were included for this cross-sectional study. The study group comprised 50 patients
presented with menstrual complaints. The control group consisted of 50 women of same age group
with complaints other than menstrual disorders. Thyroid function tests, anti-TPO antibody estimation,
and endometrial sampling were done in all patients.
Results: In patients with menstrual disorders, 44 % had thyroid disorders in which subclinical
hypothyroidism was prevalent in 20 %, overt hypothyroidism in 14 %, and overt hyperthyroidism in 8 %
of the women. Autoimmune thyroid antibodies were present in 30 % patients of women with menstrual
disorders. On endometrial sampling, hypothyroid patients mainly had proliferative endometrium
(42.85 %) whereas hyperthyroid had atrophic endometrium (60 %).
Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction is an important causative etiology of menstrual abnormalities.
Assessment of thyroid function should be done in all patients with menstrual disorders to avoid
unnecessary interventions like curettage and hysterectomy.