Clinical Profile And CT Severity Score Of Covid-19 Pneumonia At A Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrospective Observational Study

Authors

  • Manzoor Ahmad Teli SKIMS MCH Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir India.
  • Abdul Ahad Wani SKIMS MCH Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir India.
  • Aamir Shafi Aamir SKIMS MCH Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37506/fve9md48

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 infection was previously identified as unexplained cause of pneumonia among groups of patients in China. However it turned out to be a different entity as the scientific manifestations evolved from asymptomatic to fever, running nose, cold to severe life-threatening pneumonia. Approximately 20% of the subjects might advance to severe form of infection which require hospital admission and in some elderly patients intensive care treatment becomes mandatory. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the common symptoms in admitted patients with Covid-19 and to assess the association of different co morbidities with CT severity score in such patients. Material and Methods: This was an observational study carried on admitted patients in a tertiary care hospital of Kashmir, India. Results: Most of the participants (66.28%) in our study were males. Common presenting symptoms were fatigue in 91.86%, fever in 69.77%, muscle aches/joint pains in 63.95%, dyspnoea in 54.65%, cough in 53.49%, chills in 52.33% and anosmia in 50.0%. The common co morbidities present among the participants were hypertension in 48.84%, Diabetes in 33.72%, cardiovascular disease in 24.42%, Hypothyroidism in 20.93% and others were less common. The disease was of mild severity (CT severity score <7) in 17.44%, moderate severity (CTSS 7-18) in 48.84% and severe (CTSS > 18) in 33.72%. Multivariate analysis showed that hypertension, diabetes, COPD and low SPO2 on admission had definite relationship with the presence of severe forms of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: The clinical outcome and CT severity score in COVID-19 subjects largely depends on the presence of different co-morbidities in the infected population.

References

Cascella M, Rajnik M, Aleem A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, Evaluation, and Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19). 2022 May 4. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan–. PMID: 32150360.

Corman VM, Landt O, Kaiser M, Molenkamp R, Meijer A, Chu DK, Bleicker T, Brünink S, Schneider J, Schmidt ML, Mulders DG, Haagmans BL, van der Veer B, van den Brink S, Wijsman L, Goderski G, Romette JL, Ellis J, Zambon M, Peiris M, Goossens H, Reusken C, Koopmans MP, Drosten C. Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Euro Surveill. 2020 Jan;25(3):2000045. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045.

Bustin SA, Nolan T. Pitfalls of quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. J Biomol Tech. 2004 Sep;15(3):155-66.

Liu J, Yu H, Zhang S. The indispensable role of chest CT in the detection of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2020;47:1638–9. doi: 10.1007/s00259-020-04795-x.

Wang Y, Dong C, Hu Y, Li C, Ren Q, Zhang X, Shi H, Zhou M. Temporal Changes of CT Findings in 90 Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Longitudinal Study. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E55-E64. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200843.

Hani C, Trieu NH, Saab I, Dangeard S, Bennani S, Chassagnon G, Revel MP. COVID-19 pneumonia: A review of typical CT findings and differential diagnosis. DiagnInterv Imaging. 2020 May;101(5):263-268. doi: 10.1016/j.diii.2020.03.014.

Bhandari S, Rankawat G, Bagarhatta M, Singh A, Singh A, Gupta V, Sharma S, Sharma R. Clinico-Radiological Evaluation and Correlation of CT Chest Images with Progress of Disease in COVID-19 Patients. J Assoc Physicians India. 2020 Jul;68(7):34-42.

Pan F, Ye T, Sun P, Gui S, Liang B, Li L, Zheng D, Wang J, Hesketh RL, Yang L, Zheng C. Time Course of Lung Changes at Chest CT during Recovery from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Radiology. 2020 Jun;295(3):715-721. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200370. Epub 2020 Feb 13.

Leonardi A, Scipione R, Alfieri G, Petrillo R, Dolciami M, Ciccarelli F, Perotti S, Cartocci G, Scala A, Imperiale C, Iafrate F, Francone M, Catalano C, Ricci P. Role of computed tomography in predicting critical disease in patients with covid-19 pneumonia: A retrospective study using a semiautomatic quantitative method. Eur J Radiol. 2020 Sep;130:109202. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109202.

Meng L, Qiu H, Wan L, Ai Y, Xue Z, Guo Q, Deshpande R, Zhang L, Meng J, Tong C, Liu H, Xiong L. Intubation and Ventilation amid the COVID-19 Outbreak: Wuhan's Experience. Anesthesiology. 2020 Jun;132(6):1317-1332. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003296.

Li K, Wu J, Wu F, Guo D, Chen L, Fang Z, Li C. The Clinical and Chest CT Features Associated With Severe and Critical COVID-19 Pneumonia. Invest Radiol. 2020 Jun;55(6):327-331. doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000672.

Magray TA, Nazir U, Rather RH, Wani FA. Demographic and Mortality Trends across three COVID-19 waves in Kashmir Division, India. Asian J Med Sci. 2022 Oct. 13(10), 23–8. https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v13i10.47234

Gebhard C, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Neuhauser HK, Morgan R, Klein SL. Impact of sex and gender on COVID-19 outcomes in Europe. Biol Sex Differ. 2020 May 25;11(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s13293-020-00304-9.

Jin JM, Bai P, He W, Wu F, Liu XF, Han DM, Liu S, Yang JK. Gender Differences in Patients With COVID-19: Focus on Severity and Mortality. Front Public Health. 2020 Apr 29;8:152. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00152.

Alimohamadi Y, Sepandi M, Taghdir M, Hosamirudsari H. Determine the most common clinical symptoms in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prev Med Hyg. 2020 Oct 6;61(3):E304-E312. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.3.1530.

Viner RM, Ward JL, Hudson LD, Ashe M, Patel SV, Hargreaves D, Whittaker E. Systematic review of reviews of symptoms and signs of COVID-19 in children and adolescents. Arch Dis Child. 2020 Dec 17:archdischild-2020-320972. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-320972.

Stokes EK, Zambrano LD, Anderson KN, Marder EP, Raz KM, El Burai Felix S, Tie Y, Fullerton KE. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Case Surveillance - United States, January 22-May 30, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Jun 19;69(24):759-765. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6924e2.

Paudel SS. A meta-analysis of 2019 novel coronavirus patient clinical characteristics and comorbidities. Research Square. 2020. 10.21203/rs.3.rs-21831/v1

Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xiang J, Wang Y, Song B, Gu X, Guan L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu X, Xu J, Tu S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Cao B. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1054-1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3.

Yang J, Zheng Y, Gou X, Pu K, Chen Z, Guo Q, Ji R, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis. 2020 May;94:91-95. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.017.

Pranata R, Huang I, Lim MA, Wahjoepramono EJ, July J. Impact of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases on mortality and severity of COVID-19-systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020 Aug;29(8):104949. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104949.

Tian W, Jiang W, Yao J, Nicholson CJ, Li RH, Sigurslid HH, Wooster L, Rotter JI, Guo X, Malhotra R. Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2020 Oct;92(10):1875-1883. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26050.

Shi C, Wang L, Ye J, Gu Z, Wang S, Xia J, Xie Y, Li Q, Xu R, Lin N. Predictors of mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Jul 8;21(1):663. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06369-0.

Leulseged TW, Hassen IS, Ayele BT, Tsegay YG, Abebe DS, Edo MG, Maru EH, Zewde WC, Naylor LK, Semane DF, Dresse MT, Tezera BB. Laboratory biomarkers of COVID-19 disease severity and outcome: Findings from a developing country. PLoS One. 2021 Mar 15;16(3):e0246087. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246087.

Sakthivadivel V, Bohra GK, Maithilikarpagaselvi N, Khichar S, Meena M, Palanisamy N, Gaur A, Garg MK. Association of Inflammatory Markers with COVID-19 Outcome among Hospitalized Patients: Experience from a Tertiary Healthcare Center in Western India. Maedica (Bucur). 2021 Dec;16(4):620-627. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2021.16.4.620.

Downloads

Published

2024-09-20

How to Cite

Clinical Profile And CT Severity Score Of Covid-19 Pneumonia At A Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrospective Observational Study. (2024). Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 15(4), 235-240. https://doi.org/10.37506/fve9md48