The Rising Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases: Global and Indian Trends, Risk Factors, and Socioeconomic Implications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37506/z0vfrw28Keywords:
Non-communicable diseases, Epidemiologic transition, Global Health Burden, Socioeconomic impactAbstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have emerged as a significant global health challenge, particularly in low and middle-income countries. This review examines the rising burden of NCDs, focusing on global and Indian trends, risk factors, and socioeconomic implications. NCDs, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes, accounted for 74% of global deaths in 2019, up from 56.75% in 1990. In India, NCD-related deaths increased from 35.87% to 64.93% during the same period. Key risk factors include tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and alcohol consumption, alongside metabolic factors such as hypertension and obesity. The economic impact is substantial, with NCDs projected to cost the global economy over US$30 trillion between 2011-2030. The burden of NCDs, measured in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), has also risen significantly. This review underscores the urgent need for comprehensive prevention and control strategies, emphasizing the importance of multi-sectoral approaches and primary healthcare interventions to address this growing epidemic.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Mohd Yasir Zubair, Danish Kamal, Ragul Jayaprakasam Sathiyamoorthy, Syed Sohaib Hashmi, Saira Mehnaz, Shafia Shafiq
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